In this paper, we studied a new vacuum caterpillar drive system that can be used for solar panel cleaning robots. The conventional vacuum caterpillar structure has an issue, in that the vacuum hose becomes twisted. As a result, we designed a new vacuum caterpillar structure with no vacuum hose kinks. Also, we verified that no issues concerning flow analysis exist with this new system. We found that this system with the proposed vacuum caterpillar structure has an appropriate performance as a solar panel cleaning robot for practical use.