A major goal of triboelectric generator is to improve its power output by identifying and optimizing the factors contributing to the harvesting capability. In this study, we developed a double-contact triboelectric nanogenerator (DC-TENG) capable of two contact and separation pairs by adding an additional air-gap layer. The voltage and current output was characterized as a function of the contact speed, position, stroke time (ST), standstill time (SST), and the existence of two air-gaps. The voltage and current output increased non-linearly with decreasing the times. The DC-TENG produced the maximum voltage and current output when the ratio of ST to SST was 7 to 3. Our prototype resembling a pavement block was capable of lighting 144 LED lights by producing a maximum output of 650 V, 25 μA at a pressure of 0.5 kgf/cm².

In this study, the sensitivity of the power generation effect of the applied linear generator of the energy harvesting suspension system under various input conditions was analyzed. The energy-harvesting suspension generates electric energy through energy harvesting using the road surface vibration energy during driving. Before analyzing the power generation effect, we analyzed the structure of the eight-pole Outer PM (Permanent Magnet) linear generator model using the electromagnetic suspension system to design the efficient generator, PIANO (Process Integration and Design Optimization). The ANSYS MAXWELL program was used to perform electromagnetic simulations of a linear generator model installed inside an energy-harvesting suspension to determine the power generation of the linear generator under various input conditions. The sensitivity of each input variable was compared by comparing the power generation effect of the energy-harvesting suspension device according to road displacement, frequency, and vehicle speed. The sensitivity to the road surface frequency was 1.9451, the sensitivity to the road surface amplitude was 1.0502, and the sensitivity to the vehicle speed was 0.6258. It is confirmed that the maximum sensitivity to the road surface displacement was demonstrated.