With the development of various 3D printing technologies, many studies are being conducted in the field of food printing. In particular, chocolate printing is widely used for decoration. As a result, there is a growing demand for color printing, which goes beyond conventional monochrome chocolate 3D printing. Therefore, in this study, we tried to confirm the possibility of printing a new color gradation by mixing two types of chocolates with different colors using a static mixer. For this purpose, extrusion type printer equipment consisting of extrusion parts with dual syringe, heater, and mixer, and transport parts with motors and linear guide were manufactured. Proper process conditions were achieved by changing the chocolate temperature and extrusion quantity. Through this process, the color-mixed structure was successfully printed, and it was confirmed through color-code analysis that proper mixing was achieved. Further, through the production of multi-mixed color chocolate printing structures with various shapes, structural and visual diversity was acquired.
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In this study, we developed a 3D chocolate printer and studied the conditions needed for chocolate printing. Because chocolate is a mixture of cocoa mass, cocoa butter and sugar particles, its properties vary with temperature, and care is required in melting and extrusion. A chocolate supply unit is composed of a heating block and a syringe pump. It is integrated with a 3-axis linear robot. In order to be more accurate than the existing 3D chocolate printer is, the system was configured so that the printing line width became 430 μm. Printing performance was studied according to various parameters. The condition needed for printing lines with a stable width was discovered by the experimental design method and has been confirmed by a 2D line test. These 3D printing experiments showed that it was possible to build a 3D shape with an inclination angle of up to 45° without support. Further, chocolate printing of a 3D shape has been successfully verified with the developed system.
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