In this study, the structural integrity of a 6.8 L composite pressure vessel manufactured using H2550 carbon fiber was evaluated by the finite element analysis method, and the reliability of the analysis method was verified by comparing the hydrostatic test and analysis results. The pressure vessel was manufactured using the filament winding method and a hydrostatic test was performed to evaluate the failure mode and burst pressure of the manufactured composite pressure vessel. To construct the finite element model, a cyclic symmetric model, which only considers 1° of the front part, was used to reduce the analysis time and increase the modeling efficiency. As the carbon fiber was wound along the curved surface of the dome part, the winding angle and lamination thickness were modeled to change according to the dome radius. Comparison of the analysis and test results confirmed similar behavior in the axial and hoop strain diagrams due to internal pressure. In addition, it was found that the maximum fiber direction stress of the hoop layer showed an error of 3%, verifying the reliability of the finite element analysis method.