Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering

Prototype Development of a Smart Personal Protective Respirator with a Color-signaling Triage System: Enhancing Disaster Response through Real-time Biometric Monitoring: Dasom Koo, Joonhwa Choi, JinKi Min, Huijae Park, Dohyung Kim, Seung Hwan Ko, Jooeun Ahn, Juyeon Park; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(11):909-917.
Published online November 1, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.068

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This study presents a self-wearable smart personal protective respirator featuring a color-signaling triage system designed to facilitate rapid assessment during large-scale physical disasters. The device enables individuals to wear the respirator, allowing responders to quickly identify critically ill patients through real-time biometric signal acquisition and intuitive LED-based visualization. Clinical triage criteria, developed with input from emergency medicine experts, informed a severity classification algorithm based on heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, and posture. To implement this system, an ergonomic head-type respirator prototype was created, integrated with a compact sensor module that includes a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor, a barometric pressure and temperature sensor, and a combined accelerometer and gyroscope sensor. Additionally, custom sensors were developed: a respiration sensor utilizing nickel oxide nanoparticles patterned by laser, and an ECG sensor made by spraying silver nanoparticles onto a flexible polyimide film and then laser-patterning it into a serpentine shape. The system effectively detects vital signs and visualizes severity levels using color signals. Although field deployment was not part of this study, the prototype demonstrated potential to reduce triage time and enhance disaster response efficiency. Further validation in real-world settings is recommended.

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Characterization of a Copper Thin Film Using the Surface Acoustic Wave Measurement Technique: Taehyung Kim, Yun Young Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2024;41(3):183-189.
Published online March 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.023.125

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The elastic property of a copper (Cu) thin film was investigated using the surface acoustic wave (SAW) measurement technique. The Cu film was deposited on a quartz substrate using a direct current magnetron sputter and its surface morphology was inspected using atomic force microscopy. Time-domain waveforms of the SAW on the film were acquired at different propagation distances to estimate the Young’s modulus of Cu such that the experimentally-obtained dispersion curve can be compared to the analytical result calculated using the Transfer Matrix method for curve-fitting. Results showed that the film’s elastic property value decreased by 18.5% compared to that of the bulk state, and the scale effect was not significant in the thickness range of 150-300 nm, showing good agreement with those by the nanoindentation technique. The property, however, increased by 15.5% with the grain coarsening.

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Development of the Multi-DOF Myoelectric Hand Prosthesis with the Intuitive Control Algorithm: Sung Yoon Jung, Seung Gi Kim, DaeJin Jang, Shin Ki Kim, Se Hoon Park, Joo-Hyung Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2020;37(2):139-147.
Published online February 1, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.019.083

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This paper proposes a myoelectric hand prosthesis with an easy control strategy to apply more conveniently with just two EMG sensors. The myoelectric hand prosthesis is composed of a multi-DOF finger mechanism, a controller, and an intuitive control algorithm. The developed hand prosthesis has 6-DOFs and can perform eight hand motions using the intuitive control algorithm. The proposed intuitive control algorithm classifies four grip motions and four gesture motions; we used the thumb position of the hand prosthesis and three EMG signals (Co-contraction, flexion, and extension) generated from the two EMG sensors. From the experimental results, we demonstrated that the proposed myoelectric hand prosthesis is applicable to amputees as a hand prosthesis.

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Development of Multifunctional Myoelectric Hand Prosthesis System with Easy and Effective Mode Change Control Method Based on the Thumb Position and State
Sung-Yoon Jung, Seung-Gi Kim, Joo-Hyung Kim, Se-Hoon Park
Applied Sciences.2021; 11(16): 7295. CrossRef
Development of multi-degree-of-freedom hand prosthesis cover with sensory recognition
Sung Yoon JUNG, Hyo Jong YOO, Seung Gi KIM, Se Hoon PARK, Jin Kuk PARK, Joo-Hyung KIM, Hyunjun SHIN
Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering.2021; 16(2): 21-00076. CrossRef

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Development of a Multi-Disk Type MR Fluid Brake with Modular Structure: Hyeong Rae Kim, Soon-Geul Lee, Jong Deok Park, Hyung Kim, Myeong Jin Choi, Jae Kwan Ryu; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2018;35(2):189-196.
Published online February 1, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/KSPE.2018.35.2.189

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Recently the interest in miniaturization of mechanical devices has increased and magneto-rheological (MR) fluid brakes have been designed, fabricated and tested to be applied as a control element of various devices for assisting the elderly people. A multi-disk modular type of design is proposed to make an MR fluid brake that can generate high torque at the minimum size. The design parameters of the MR fluid brake were determined by mathematical modeling and the performance was predicted with magnetic analysis to maximize the design torque. A testbed was constructed and torque responses were measured and analyzed according to the input current for various rotational speeds to confirm the performance of the MR fluid brake. The experimental results showed that the MR fluid brake was applicable to actuating devices for assisting elderly people.

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The Effect of Micro-Peening to Improve the Fatigue Characteristic of Reduction Gear of Manned and Unmanned Aircraft: Taehyung Kim, Jin Woon Seol, Seok Haeng Huh, Joo Hyun Baek; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2017;34(9):603-608.
Published online September 1, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/KSPE.2017.34.9.603

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In this paper, a study on the effectiveness of micro-peening was accomplished for improvement of fatigue characteristics for reduction gear of manned and unmanned aircraft. The Almen saturation curve was obtained by various peening injection pressure supplied from a commercial air jet peening machine. The effective micro-peening process condition was adopted as five bar. The four points rotary bending fatigue test was conducted by using test specimen made of AISI alloy that was carburized based on AMS standard in this work. From the fatigue test result, the fracture life of specimen peened by nozzle pressure with five bar and six bar was higher than the un-peened specimen by approximately 323 percent and 146 percent respectively. However, the fracture life of specimen peened by the nozzle pressure with six bar was lower by approximately 221 percent than the peened specimen by five bar. For this reason, the peening nozzle pressure with five bar was decided as the optimum micro-peening condition. Effectiveness of micro-peening was validated and this micropeening technique will be used for real manned and unmanned aircraft gear parts or other durability mechanical parts.

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A Review of Recent Advances in Design Optimization of Gearbox
Zhen Qin, Yu-Ting Wu, Sung-Ki Lyu
International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing.2018; 19(11): 1753. CrossRef

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The Solution of Peening Residual Stress by Angled Impact of Multi Elliptical Shot Ball Based on Finite Element Analysis: Taehyung Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2017;34(2):151-156.
Published online February 1, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/KSPE.2017.34.2.151

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Shot peening is widely used to improve the fatigue life and strength of various mechanical parts and an accurate method is important for the prediction of the compressive residual stress caused by this process. A finite element (FE) model with an elliptical multi-shot is suggested for random-angled impacts. Solutions for compressive residual stress using this model and a normal random vertical-impact one with a spherical multi-shot are obtained and compared. The elliptical multi-shot experimental solution is closer to an X-ray diffraction (XRD) than the spherical one. The FE model’s peening coverage also almost reaches the experimental one. The effectiveness of the model based on an elliptical shot ball is confirmed by these results and it can be used instead of previous FE models to evaluate the compressive residual stress produced on the surface of metal by shot peening in various industries.

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The Effect of Micro-Peening to Improve the Fatigue Characteristic of Reduction Gear of Manned and Unmanned Aircraft
Taehyung Kim, Jin Woon Seol, Seok Haeng Huh, Joo Hyun Baek
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering.2017; 34(9): 603. CrossRef

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A Study on the Shock Analysis of the Multi-Function Console According to the Shock Response Spectrum Requirements of the Elastic Platform: Jae Hoon Park, Won Hyung Kim, Hyun Sil Kim, Young Cheol Choi; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2016;33(10):805-811.
Published online October 1, 2016

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Prior to installation in a navy ship, shipboard equipment should be qualified by shock test requirements. The multi-function console mounted on the elastic platform of the ship should also withstand given shock loads. In this study, both real shock test methods, as well as numerical computer simulations using the finite element method were used to verify structural durability under shock load conditions. First, we used domestic test facilities to perform possible shock tests, including an impact hammer test, a drop table test and a shaker shock test. Full model tests satisfying the shock response spectrum level were performed. Thereafter, an analytical model of the complex console structure was built by the finite element method. Finally, numerical results were verified by modal test results of the real product and an FEA analysis was also performed with a full model transient response analysis.

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Development of Biomimetic Underwater Vehicle using Single Actuator: Myoung Jae Jun, Dong Hyung Kim, Hyeun Seok Choi, Chang Soo Han; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2016;33(7):571-577.
Published online July 1, 2016

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In this paper, we propose a novel propulsion method for a Biomimetic underwater robot, which is a bio-inspired approach. The proposed propulsion method mimics the pectoral fins of a real fish. Pectoral fins of real fish are able to propel and change direction. We designed the propulsion mechanism of 1 D.O.F. that has two functions (propel and change direction). We named this propulsion system ’Flipper’. The proposed propulsion method can control forward, pitch and yaw motion using the Flipper. We made an experimental underwater robot system and verified the proposed propulsion method. We measured its maximum speed and turning motion using an experimental underwater robot system. We also analyzed the thrust force from the maximum speed, using the thrust equation. Experimental results showed that our propulsion method enabled the thrust system of the biomimetic robot.

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Development of S/W Framework for the Industrial Dual-arm Robot: Taeyong Choi, Hyun Min Do, Dong Il Park, Chanhun Park, Doohyung Kim, Kyung-Taik Park; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2013;30(9):887-891.
Published online September 1, 2013

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Human rights at poor working condition is the severe problem in modern manufacturing system. The industrial dual-arm robot is being developed to meet these social issues fundamentally. The dual-arm robot can work instead of human workers. We developed the new dual-arm robot for manufacturing mobile phone and TV. It has advantages such as the solo controller for both arms, the human sized body and arms. The software platform for the industrial dual-arm robot is being developed which has strength in its convenience and intelligence compared to conventional the robot software platforms. Here the development of the dual-arm robot software platform is introduced.

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Development of Flexible Packing Ring in Steam Turbine for Reduction of Leakage by using CFD Flow Analysis: Jin Hyung Kim, Jun Ho Bae, Chang-Ryeol Lee, Chul Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2013;30(7):741-748.
Published online July 1, 2013

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A conventional packing ring was designed with a large clearance to prevent damage due to the vibration of the rotor, which can lead to an increase in steam leakage. In this study, a flexible packing ring using winding springs was developed to prevent damage to the rotor teeth by minimizing vibration, while maintaining a smaller clearance than that of conventional rotor designs. Theoretical analysis and finite element analysis (FEA) were used to design the winding spring to satisfy the specified allowable stress limit and minimum load requirements. The shape of the winding spring was designed by applying curves to the center and end parts of a flat spring. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was used to predict the leakage of the flexible packing ring. Flow rate measurement tests were performed to verify the leakage reduction efficiency and the reliability of the CFD analysis.

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Structural Safety Analysis and Reinforcement for Weak Area of the Coal Silo Tunnel using Finite Elements Analysis: Hyun Woo Lee, Sung Yuen Jung, Se Arm Song, Min Soo Kim, Jin Hyung Kim, Chul Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2012;29(4):461-468.
Published online April 1, 2012

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Silo is a warehouse for storing granular materials such as grain, cement, petroleum compound and coal. When compared to other warehouses, the silo can use space efficiently. The coal silo are consists of silo, tunnel and extractor. Of these, there are not sufficient study and design data on tunnel. It depends heavily upon trial and error method by field engineers with several years of experience. Recently, silos are constructed with a large size, and tunnel becomes to be in danger of severe cracking and collapse by a huge load of coal. So it is necessary to analyze structural safety for tunnel. In this study, the problems of the tunnel are analyzed by field data, and reinforcement of structural weak area using FE analysis has been carried out to design the tunnel satisfying structural safety. From FE Analysis, the reinforced model which does not exceed the yield strength of the material has been proposed.

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Five-Axis Machine Tools – Test and Evaluation Technology: Tae Weon Gim, Jae Yong Ha, Tae Hyung Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2009;26(10):7-11.
Published online October 1, 2009

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A Study on Motion Constraint of Rotating Spindle in the Parallel Part at the Blocking Plate: Jong Hyun Lim, Geun Jo Han, Jae Joon Shim, Dong Seop Han, Seong Wook Lee, Tae Hyung Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2005;22(8):136-142.
Published online August 1, 2005

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The function of main starting valve for marine engine is to supply cylinder with the air to start marine engine. But, if the spindle, one of the main starting valve components, doesn't rotate accurately at the designated air pressure, the marine engine may have some trouble in starting. So, to resolve the problem due to spindle rotation in the main starting valve, the blocking device (blocking plate, limit switch, etc.) is installed in the upper part of spindle to constrain the rotation. So, in this paper we introduced the rotation constraining ability of blocking plate prevent the spindle from mis-working in the main starting value of the marine engine.

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A study on the Reliability Experiment and the Structural Improvement of Sliding Cover: Jun Yeob Song, Jae Hun Kang, Ok Koo Kim, Tae Hyung Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2005;22(7):146-154.
Published online July 1, 2005

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Recently, the high-speed and intelligence technology of machine tools are developed for the high efficiency of productivity. Under the operating condition from the high-speed of machine tools, the various failure modes can occur in core units of manufacturing system. Therefore it is for the reliability concept of machine tool to be required in a design level. And the above-stated technology must be accommodated in the feeding and spindle subsystem, etc those are the core units of machine tools. In this study, we are developed the test-bed of sliding cover (C-plate) in order to evaluating reliability and estimating failure modes of feeding subsystem under operating conditions. The reliability experiment using the developed test-bed and the additional structural analysis executed on single and double structure. We found out the weak parts of sliding cover and were able to predict a life cycle from the experiment results. In this study, we propose the new C-plate model with double link structure to apply the high-speed machine tool in the fundamental guideline.

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The Effect of Wind Load on the Stability of a Container Crane: Seong Wook Lee, Jae Joon Shim, Dong Seop Han, Jong Seo Park, Geun Jo Han, Kwon Soon Lee, Tae Hyung Kim; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2005;22(2):148-155.
Published online February 1, 2005

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This study was carried out to analyze the effect of direction of wind load and machinery house location on the stability of container crane loading/unloading a container on a vessel. The overturning moment of container crane under wind load at 50㎧ velocity was estimated by analyzing reaction forces at each supporting point. And variations of reaction forces at each supporting point of a container crane were analyzed according to direction of wind load and machinery house location. The critical location of machinery house was also investigated to install a tie-down which has an anti-overturning function of container crane at the land side supporting point.