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"Kibble balance"

Article
New Definition of the Kilogram by Fixing the Numerical Value of the Planck Constant
Dongmin Kim, MyeongHyeon Kim, Byung-Chill Woo, Kwang-Cheol Lee
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2018;35(4):375-383.
Published online April 1, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/KSPE.2018.35.4.375
In the current SI (International System of Units), the kilogram is defined by the mass of a material artefact. In this instance, because the artefact can be damaged during use, the present definition is inherently considered unstable. To overcome the shortcomings of the present kilogram definition, the SI will be redefined in near future. In the new SI, the kilogram will be redefined by fixing the numerical value of the Planck constant. After the kilogram redefinition, realization experiments which link the Planck constant to the mass will be necessary. In the new SI, the kilogram will be realized through experiments including the Kibble balance and the X-ray crystal density. The Kibble balance, which is named for the scientist Bryan P. Kibble, is an electromechanical device comparing mechanical power and electrical power. The electrical power is proportional to the Planck constant, because of the voltage and resistance are measured using the Josephson effect and the quantum Hall effect, respectively. The Planck constant is an invariant and not a characteristic of a man-made object, or a specific experiment. The new mass unit is more stable than the current one, and will pave the way for the advancement of precision measurement.
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