The purpose of this paper was to develop a simulation model for a 40 kW electric tractor using a powertrain based on dual motors and a planetary gear. To select motor capacity and reduction gear ratio based on the power flow for agricultural work, load data for various gear conditions were acquired and analyzed using a 42 kW engine tractor of similar capacity. Modeling was conducted using MATLAB/Simulink/Simscape. Load data acquired through actual field tests were applied as load conditions for the simulation. Simulation results confirmed that the power was transmitted through the planetary gear as the clutch and brake operated according to the work mode. The developed simulation model is expected to be used for electric tractor development.
Automatic transmissions, which have the advantages of compact structure and smooth shifting, are installed in various vehicles with engines and hybrid power sources. Research and development are continuously being conducted to improve power and fuel efficiency. In this study, the influence of helix direction and helix angle of the planetary gear set on thrust-bearing power loss in an automatic transmission was analyzed. A sample automatic transmission model was constructed to analyze the axial load and bearing relative rotation speed, which are the main factors in thrust-bearing power loss. The relative rotation speed of the bearing was analyzed using the sample model, and the thrust-bearing load in the axial direction was analyzed according to the helix direction of the planetary gear set constituting the model and the helix angle of the planetary gear set. The power loss occurring in thrust-bearing was derived using the analysis results of relative rotational speed and load, and the influence of the helix direction and helix angle of the planetary gear set was analyzed.
Gearboxes used in the drivetrain of intelligent robots are key mechanical components that play a significant role in determining the performance of modern robotic systems. Gearboxes employing the planetary gear mechanism, known to achieve a wide range of reduction ratios while remaining relatively cost-effective, have recently been adopted in robot drivetrains. In this paper, we utilize domestic technology to fabricate a gearbox using a compound planetary gear mechanism and conduct an evaluation of eight performance aspects of the developed gearbox through the fabrication of a dynamometer and a jig. The dynamometer comprised of the gearbox, input motor, input-output torque sensors, and a powder brake. By driving the input motor and applying braking force with the powder brake, we compare input torque sensor values with output torque sensor values to derive results. A test jig is created, consisting of an input motor, gearbox, and encoder sensor, for the measurement of inverse operation characteristics and backlash. By conducting a performance evaluation of the developed high-strength, high-reduction-ratio compact planetary gearbox, we validate the potential of the testing system and extend the scope of domestic gearbox technology development.
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Three-dimensional reconstruction of gearbox from multi-view point clouds with surface feature parfameter measurement method Jian Chen, Zhijia Zhang, Guanghui Liu, Dejian Li, Qiushuang Li Engineering Research Express.2025; 7(4): 045253. CrossRef
The planetary geartrain can be reduced in size and weight, and has excellent durability since the input torque is divided by the number of planet gears when the power is transmitted. In order to improve its durability, the load sharing among planet gears must be even. However, of the various manufacturing errors possible, the carrier pinhole position error has the greatest influence on load sharing. This study compared and analyzed the load sharing and the gear safety of planetary gears, according to the phase of the carrier pinhole position error. We confirmed that load sharing among the planet gears varied, depending on the phase of the carrier pinhole position error. The mesh load factor is inversely related to the gear safety factor for bending and contact, and affects the durability of the planetary geartrain. Also, in the design of the planetary geartrain, the load sharing among planet gears is directly affected by the carrier pinhole position error and its phase. Therefore, the geometric tolerance must be managed efficiently, which needs to be reflected in the production drawings.
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Analytical study of floating effects on load sharing characteristics of planetary gearbox for off-road vehicle Woo-Jin Chung, Joo-Seon Oh, Hyun-Woo Han, Ji-Tae Kim, Young-Jun Park Advances in Mechanical Engineering.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review of Recent Advances in Design Optimization of Gearbox Zhen Qin, Yu-Ting Wu, Sung-Ki Lyu International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing.2018; 19(11): 1753. CrossRef
A popular approach to optimize the performance of a gear transmission system is the modification of the gear tooth microgeometry, which includes the intentional removal of material from the gear teeth flanks, so that the shape is no longer a perfect involute. Such modifications compensate teeth deflections under load, and the resulting transmission error is minimized under a specific torque. Therefore, micro-geometry modifications can be applied on the involute (or profile) and lead of the gear teeth. In order to study the tooth micro-geometry optimization, this research selected a mass produced planetary gear type drive reducer as a prototype. The original design was modeled by a commercial software named Romax Designer, which analyzes and optimizes different types of gear power transmission systems. The series analysis results obtained reveal some anomalies that require modification. Based on the result, optimization and gear tooth modification were done to deal with the load distributions on gear tooth, gear durability problem, safety factor and bearing life problem. This thesis presents the outstanding performance improvement obtained after such optimization.
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