This paper deals with the development of a passive modular hip exoskeleton system aimed at preventing musculoskeletal low back pain, which commonly occurs in heavy weight transport workers, by improving back muscle strength. The passive exoskeleton system has the advantage of being lightweight, making it suitable for modular exoskeleton systems. The cam and spring actuator designed in this study was applied to the passive modular exoskeleton system to build human hip and lumbar muscle strength. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the passive modular exoskeleton system, a test was performed in which a subject lifted a 15 kg weight three times in a stoop posture, using heart rate measurement and Borg scale recording. According to the results, all subjects showed 26.83% lower maximum heart rate and 34.73% lower average heart rate than those who did not wear the system, and Borg scale evaluation result was lower. All subjects wore this system and did not experience back pain during the experiment. Through this study, we validated the effectiveness of the passive modular exoskeleton system and proved that this system can build the strength of industrial workers and be a solution to prevent musculoskeletal lumbar disease.