Military shelters house various high-power electronic systems that generate significant heat during operation, making effective thermal management essential for ensuring system reliability and operational stability. This study proposes a one-dimensional (1D) modeling approach for analyzing the thermal behavior of a military shelter–HVAC system using Simcenter AMESIM. The model incorporates key thermal components, such as internal heat sources, shelter structures, and HVAC performance characteristics, to accurately represent dynamic thermal behavior under realistic operating conditions. To validate the proposed 1D model, a comparative analysis was performed using threedimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with ANSYS Fluent, maintaining identical boundary and operating conditions. The analysis focused on the temporal and spatial variations of the internal air temperature within the shelter. Results showed a strong correlation between the AMESIM model and the CFD simulations. This approach significantly reduces computational costs and modeling complexity compared to traditional CFD-based analyses, while still providing adequate accuracy for system-level thermal performance evaluation. Consequently, the developed AMESIM-based 1D model serves as an efficient and reliable tool for the design and performance assessment of military shelter HVAC systems.

In this study, fatigue life is evaluated by comparing with lighter car body through the experiment on SPR joints. An experimental activity on sheet metal samples of Aluminum 5J32 and Steel SPRC440 has been conducted to achieve better understanding of the process. In addition, SPR joint used less than the existing Spot Welding improves joint strength and fatigue life is evaluated by using SPR and adhesive joining Hybrid. Joining(bonding) strength and fatigue life on SPR and Hybrid (SPR + adhesive) are evaluated throughout the experiment. With joining strength than 20 % of the aluminum material, dissimilar materials has improved over 2 times as large as the strength In case of dissimilar materials, the fatigue life of aluminum is increased by 1.6 to 2.5 times as large as the life.