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Development of Transformer-based Model for Prediction of PEMFC Remaining Useful Life
Da Hye Geum, Hyeon Do Han, Hyunjun Yang, Heejun Shin, Suk Won Cha, Gu Young Cho
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(12):981-986.
Published online December 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.00015
A Transformer model to predict the remaining useful life of a fuel cell, which has demonstrated superior performance in analyzing time series data. The dataset was created from long-term performance evaluation experiments conducted in rated power mode, with measurements taken every 10 hours. We preprocessed the raw data using a moving average, allocating 70% for training and 30% for evaluation. The model's performance, evaluated through MAE, MSE, and MAPE, was excellent. The fuel cell's critical voltage, defined as 94.5% of its initial voltage, was measured at 0.719 V. During the experimental run, the actual critical time was 106.6 hours, while the model predicted 106.8 hours, resulting in a 0.19% error. Since the predictions were based on data collected up to 93 hours, the estimated remaining life was 13.8 hours.
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