A hybrid cladding technology was developed by combining direct energy deposition (DED) and ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM). This is an effective process to control the mechanical properties inside the metal-clad layer, but the scope to improve the internal properties is low. Therefore, in this study, the UNSM process was applied while heating at 300 and 600℃ to increase the effectiveness of this hybrid additive process. To validate the characteristics of this method, a study on the cross-sectional properties upon application of heating was conducted. Hybrid cladding at 300 degrees produced improvements- over a 40% larger area than the results at room temperature. At 600 degrees, the hybrid cladding improved mechanical properties over a larger area by nearly 2 times. In this study, the characteristics of the roomtemperature and the high-temperature hybrid cladding process were analyzed. The proposed method shows a high improvement effect and is a promising method to improve the internal mechanical properties of the cladded layer.

Generally, press molds have thermal and mechanical impact wear during usage. To improve the life of the mold, enhancement of mechanical properties such as abrasion resistance and shockproof capability is required. To solve this, we propose the multi-layered cladding process of functional materials with different mixing ratios. AISI-D2 material, known as cold die steel, was used as base material and AISI-M4 and -H13 powders were used for surface cladding on the base metal for high resistance wear and shockproof capability. Four cases of specimens were prepared to compare mechanical properties after tests. Through this study, a specimen multiple cladded with mixing M4 and H13 powders for middle layer and M4 powder only for top layer showed 80% improvement in shockproof capability. We posit that this method based on multi-layer cladding with a combination of functional metal powders increased mold life.