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메탈 하이브리드 소재를 활용한 전기자동차 모터의 스마트 설계 및 냉각 성능 향상에 대한 연구

A Study on the Smart Design and Cooling Performance of Electric Vehicle Motor Using Metal-Hybrid Materials

Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2021;38(8):595-603.
Published online: August 1, 2021

1 대구가톨릭대학교 기계자동차공학부

1 School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Catholic University of Daegu

#E-mail: dlee@cu.ac.kr, TEL: +82-53-850-2717
• Received: April 22, 2021   • Revised: May 31, 2021   • Accepted: June 22, 2021

Copyright © The Korean Society for Precision Engineering

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Vehicle-motion-based Front Wheel Steer Angle Estimation for Steer-by-Wire System Fault Tolerance
    Seungyong Choi, Wanki Cho, Seung-Han You
    Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering.2024; 41(5): 347.     CrossRef

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A Study on the Smart Design and Cooling Performance of Electric Vehicle Motor Using Metal-Hybrid Materials
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng.. 2021;38(8):595-603.   Published online August 1, 2021
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J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng.. 2021;38(8):595-603.   Published online August 1, 2021
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A Study on the Smart Design and Cooling Performance of Electric Vehicle Motor Using Metal-Hybrid Materials
Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Actual configuration of electric vehicle motor
Fig. 2 Geometries of cooling channel at all cases
Fig. 3 Geometries of electric vehicle motor at four different cases with/without heat sink
Fig. 4 Grid dependency test
Fig. 5 Total grid generation of electric motor at case 1
Fig. 6 Generated mesh on colling channel
Fig. 7 Temperature contours at four different cases of coil surface
Fig. 8 Temperature contours at case 3 and case 4 of heat sink surface
Fig. 9 Temperature contours of diagonal position (R+) on the coil surface with maximum temperature deviation at four different cases of coil surface
Fig. 10 Dimensionless temperature of coil surface vs. dimensionless local positions of coil surface at four different cases of coil
Fig. 11 Nusselt number vs. Reynold number (ReR) at four different cases of coil
Fig. 12 Thermal deformation contour of stator at case 2
A Study on the Smart Design and Cooling Performance of Electric Vehicle Motor Using Metal-Hybrid Materials

Physical dimensions of electric motor for cases 1, 2, 3, and 4

Diameter internal /
external (D) [mm]
Height (H)
[mm]
EA
Housing 199.4 / 235.4 260 1
Stator 133.4 / 199.4 175 1
Rotor 50 / 132 1
Shaft 32 / 50 1
Thickness (T)
[mm]
Width (L)
[mm]
Height (H)
[mm]
EA
Magnet 3 16 175 16
5 12
Coil 6 20 48
Thickness (T)
[mm]
Diameter (D)
[mm]
Height (H)
[mm]
EA
Heat sink 5 199.4 175 4
6

Design boundary conditions

Fluid
material
Ethylene glycol Incompressible
Air
Coil Heat generation [W/m3] 1,000,000
Ethylene
glycol
Inlet Mass flow rate [kg/s] 0.106
Temperature [oC] 65
Outlet Pressure [Pa] 0
Air Inlet Temperature [oC] 25
Outlet Pressure [Pa] 0

Thermophysical property of material

Density
[kg/m3]
Thermal conductivity
[W/m·oC]
Specific heat
[J/kg·oC]
Housing 2,790 168 883
Heat sink 6,128 598.8 2,009.3
Stator and Rotor 7,540 31 557
Coil 8,933 401 385
Shaft 7,817 51.9 446
Magnet 7,500 7.5 410
Ethylene glycol 1,057 0.394 3,410
Viscosity [kg/m·s] 0.00159

Total elements of electric motor assembly for grid dependency

Total elements Tmax [oC] Error [%]
0.58 × 107 136.4 1.03
1.05 × 107 136.1 0.81
1.39 × 107 135.8 0.62
1.67 × 107 135.7 0.52
2.12 × 107 135.6 0.44
2.81 × 107 135.5 0.41

Number of elements in cooling channel and heat sink

Cases 1 and 2 Case 3 Case 4
Cooling channel Heat sink Cooling channel Heat sink Cooling channel Heat sink
Elements 2,710,732 None 2,710,732 50,030 2,710,732 74,610
Total
21,184,432 27,722,244 25,967,746
Method Hexa

Numerical data of temperature difference and maximum temperature for horizontal position (R) on the coil surface

Type Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4
Cooling
channel
Aluminum Metal hybrid material Aluminum Aluminum
Heat sink None None 4EA 6EA
R+ Tmax
[oC]
ΔT
[oC]
Tmax
[oC]
ΔT
[oC]
Tmax
[oC]
ΔT
[oC]
Tmax
[oC]
ΔT
[oC]
0 121.4 56.4 117.0 52.0 120.9 55.9 119.0 54.0
0.1 123.5 59.5 119.7 54.7 123.9 58.9 121.9 56.3
0.2 126.5 61.5 120.6 55.6 125.9 60.9 123.8 58.8
0.3 127.6 62.6 122.5 57.5 127.1 62.1 125.2 60.2
0.4 129.6 64.6 123.6 58.6 128.1 63.1 126.2 61.2
0.5 131.6 66.6 125.8 60.8 130.2 65.2 128.2 63.2
0.6 132.5 67.5 127.6 62.6 132.0 67.0 129.8 64.8
0.7 134.4 69.4 129.1 64.1 133.9 68.9 131.8 66.8
0.8 135.4 70.4 130.0 65.0 134.8 69.8 132.8 68.8
0.9 135.4 70.4 130.2 68.2 134.8 69.8 132.8 68.8
1.0 135.4 70.4 130.2 68.2 134.8 69.8 132.8 68.8
Table 1 Physical dimensions of electric motor for cases 1, 2, 3, and 4
Table 2 Design boundary conditions
Table 3 Thermophysical property of material
Table 4 Total elements of electric motor assembly for grid dependency
Table 5 Number of elements in cooling channel and heat sink
Table 6 Numerical data of temperature difference and maximum temperature for horizontal position (R) on the coil surface