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유한요소해석 및 위상최적화를 통한 카고 드론의 구조건전성 개선에 관한 연구

A Study on Structural Integrity Improvement of Cargo Drone through FE Simulation and Topology Optimization

Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2023;40(9):685-693.
Published online: September 1, 2023

1 부산대학교 대학원 항공우주공학과

2 부산대학교 설계기반미래성형기술센터

1 Department of Aerospace Engineering, Graduate School, Pusan National University

2 Engineering Research Center for Innovative Technology on Advanced Forming, Pusan National University

#E-mail: longtw@pusan.ac.kr, TEL: +82-51-510-3130
• Received: May 30, 2023   • Revised: June 18, 2023   • Accepted: July 5, 2023

Copyright © The Korean Society for Precision Engineering

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Utilization of topology optimization and generative design for drone frame optimization
    Michał Kowalik, Michał Śliwiński, Mateusz Papis
    Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology.2025; 97(7): 813.     CrossRef

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A Study on Structural Integrity Improvement of Cargo Drone through FE Simulation and Topology Optimization
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng.. 2023;40(9):685-693.   Published online September 1, 2023
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J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng.. 2023;40(9):685-693.   Published online September 1, 2023
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A Study on Structural Integrity Improvement of Cargo Drone through FE Simulation and Topology Optimization
Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Whole feature and frame structure of co-axial octo-copter cargo drone
Fig. 2 Three-dimensional configurations and structures in frame body assembly of small cargo drone
Fig. 3 Application examples of MPC beam constraints with respect to various loading conditions
Fig. 4 Result of static structural analysis for main frame structure under maximum thrust condition
Fig. 5 Result of static structural analysis for side member structure under maximum thrust condition
Fig. 6 Result of FE re-analysis on stress singularity (unit: MPa)
Fig. 7 Effective stress distribution of plate support component
Fig. 8 Result of crash analysis for landing skid assembly
Fig. 9 Modal analysis result of frame structure
Fig. 10 Separation margin between operation range and natural frequency of frame body assembly
Fig. 11 Excessive deflection at end section of side member plate
Fig. 12 Reason of excessive deflection at end area of side member plate
Fig. 13 Topology optimization result for side member plate
Fig. 14 Comparison between initial design and modified design based on topology optimization
Fig. 15 Static structural analysis result for re-redesigned side member structure under maximum thrust condition
A Study on Structural Integrity Improvement of Cargo Drone through FE Simulation and Topology Optimization

Components and materials used in small cargo drone

Materials Components Element type No. of Elements
CFRP
(WSN-3KY)
Arm 8-node
brick element
123,519
Plate 917,755
Skid 4-node
shell element
19,354
Skid leg 19,200
Silicon Skid cap 2,964
PLA Plate support tetrahedral
element
852,912
AA6061-T6 Motor fixture 45,539
Arm fixture 114,594
Plate fixture 76,673
Payload fixture 53,573

Mechanical properties of materials applied

Materials ρ E ν σY σU
PLA 1.24 4.1 0.30 70.0 73.0
Silicon 2.33 0.031 0.50 72.5 82.6
AA6061-T6 2.70 68.9 0.33 503.0 572.0
Note ρ [g/cm3] : Density
E [GPa] : Young’s Modulus
ν : Poisson’s Ratio
σY [MPa] : Yield Strength
σU [MPa] : Ultimate Strength

Mechanical properties of CFRP (WSN-3KY) used in small cargo drone

ρ E ν σY σU
1.20 E11 = E22 = 56.4 ν12 = 0.062 - 856.0
E33 = 9.6
G13 = G23 = 4.0 ν13 = ν23 = 0.20
G12 = 3.6

Classification of critical unstable situations and FE models

Critical situation FE model Type
Max. thrust Main frame Structural analysis
Side member
Landing Landing skid
Resonance Whole structure Modal analysis
Table 1 Components and materials used in small cargo drone
Table 2 Mechanical properties of materials applied
Table 3 Mechanical properties of CFRP (WSN-3KY) used in small cargo drone
Table 4 Classification of critical unstable situations and FE models