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직접에너지적층 공정과 P21, H13 분말을 이용한 SKD61 모재에 대한 보수 공정에 관한 연구

Study on Repair of SKD 61 Using Directed Energy Deposition with H13 and P21 Powders

Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2024;41(11):849-856.
Published online: November 1, 2024

1 국립한국해양대학교 해양신소재융합공학과

2 국립한국해양대학교 해양신재생에너지융합전공

1 Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University

2 Interdisciplinary Major of Ocean Renewable Energy Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University

#E-mail: think@kmou.ac.kr
• Received: June 14, 2024   • Revised: August 9, 2024   • Accepted: August 16, 2024

Copyright © The Korean Society for Precision Engineering

This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Microstructure and mechanical properties of P21 tool steel fabricated via laser powder bed fusion
    A. Rajesh Kannan, V. Rajkumar, S. Maheshwaran, N. Siva Shanmugam, Wonjoo Lee, Jonghun Yoon
    Materials Letters.2025; 398: 138930.     CrossRef

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Study on Repair of SKD 61 Using Directed Energy Deposition with H13 and P21 Powders
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng.. 2024;41(11):849-856.   Published online November 1, 2024
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J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng.. 2024;41(11):849-856.   Published online November 1, 2024
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Study on Repair of SKD 61 Using Directed Energy Deposition with H13 and P21 Powders
Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image
Fig. 1 SEM images of the powders for H13 (left) and P21 (right)
Fig. 2 (a) Schematic diagram of the laser-DED and (b) DMT MX3 machine used for experiments
Fig. 3 Repairing procedures for damaged parts and dimensions of pre-machined groove
Fig. 4 Preparation of tensile specimens from repaired substrate
Fig. 5 (a) Fabricated sample and (b) OM and SEM images of deposited beads
Fig. 6 SEM images showing microstructures on deposited layer and interface of (a) Repaired-H13 and (b) Repaired-P21 (C, γ, B and M indicate Cementite, Austenite, Bainite and Martensite, respectively)
Fig. 7 Vickers hardness distribution in the vertical direction for each material
Fig. 8 Stress-strain curve according to repair method
Fig. 9 Fracture and area reduction after tensile test: (a) Repaired- H13 and (b) Repaired-P21
Fig. 10 SEM images of the fractured surfaces of each specimen
Fig. 11 Interfacial defect on the interface between repaired part and substrate of Repaired-H13 (left: OM image, right: 3D surface roughness)
Study on Repair of SKD 61 Using Directed Energy Deposition with H13 and P21 Powders

Chemical composition of materials

[wt%]

Element Substrate (SKD61) Powder (H13) Powder (P21)
C 0.32-0.42 0.32-0.45 0.20
Si 0.80-1.20 0.80-1.25 0.30
Mn 0.50 0.20-0.60 0.30
P 0.030 0.030 0.030
S 0.030 0.030 0.030
Ni - 0.75 4.10
Cr 4.50-5.50 4.75-5.50 0.30
Mo 1.00-1.50 1.10-1.75 -
V 0.80-1.20 0.80-1.20 0.20
Cu - - -
Al - - 1.15

Parameters for DED Processing

Laser powers 830 W
Power feed rates 3.5 g/min
Scanning speed 850 mm/min
Coaxial gas flows 8 L/min
Powder gas flows rate 2.5 L/min

Comparison of tensile properties

Substrate Repaired-H13 Repaired-P21
Tensile strength [MPa] 1,470 1,403 1,534
Yield strength [MPa] 1,271 1,232 1,318
Elongation [%] 12.48 4.08 7.76
Table 1 Chemical composition of materials [wt%]
Table 2 Parameters for DED Processing
Table 3 Comparison of tensile properties