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"Optical system"

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Design and Performance Test of Fast Steering Mirror
Byoung Ju Lee, Yong Hoon Lee, Hyeong Rae Kim, Ye Eun Bae, Sang Uk Nam, Jae Woo Jung, Sang Won Jung, Young Jin Park, Jun Young Yoon, No Cheol Park, Seoung Han Lee
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(11):927-936.
Published online November 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.070

Currently, advanced countries such as the US and the UK are researching laser-based weapons and communication systems. The application of Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) is crucial in laser systems to control internal optical paths and compensate for disturbances, including atmospheric fluctuations and mechanical vibrations. Additionally, research is underway to enhance image clarity in surveillance and reconnaissance systems, such as Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR) systems, by applying FSM technology. Consequently, the demand for FSMs is rising, necessitating the development of small, lightweight, and high-performance solutions. In this study, we designed a compact and lightweight FSM with a diameter of 25 mm, and its performance was validated through rigorous testing. Furthermore, we developed a piezoelectric actuator using single crystal piezoelectric material to ensure a wide operating bandwidth and rapid response speed for the FSM. Before manufacturing the designed FSM, we conducted modeling and simulation (M&S) to analyze its performance and confirm that it met the required specifications. Subsequently, a prototype of the FSM was produced, and its operating range, bandwidth, and accuracy were evaluated through performance tests.

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Design and Implementation of an Illumination Optical System for a Xenon Arc Light Source with High Uniformity
Tran Duc Hieu, Yeojun Park, Jong-Hun Park, Woojeong Lee, Joohyung Lee
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(5):405-408.
Published online May 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.048
We present a xenon arc source-based illumination system designed to achieve high spatial uniformity and efficient light collection across a wide spectral range. The proposed optical system comprised an ellipsoid reflector, diffuser, motorized iris, and collimation lens to optimize beam homogenization. Non-sequential ray-tracing simulations were performed to evaluate angular irradiation distributions of various diffusers and the overall beam profile uniformity. The system was experimentally implemented using a fused silica holographic diffuser optimized for high-power operation, with a motorized iris enabling precise control of light intensity. The resulting beam profile exhibited a well-defined flat-top shape, with a beam uniformity of approximately 95% evaluated according to the ISO 13694 standard. The developed illumination system demonstrated its ability to produce highly uniform illumination, suitable for various optical applications including spectroscopy, precision measurement, and optical imaging.
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imulation Study on Line-of-sight Stabilization Controller Design for Portable Optical Systems
Jae Woo Jung, Sang Won Jung, Jae Hyun Kim, Seonbin Lim, Youngjin Park, Onemook Kim, Jaehyun Lim, Jae Ho Jin, No-Cheol Park, Jun Young Yoon
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(2):175-183.
Published online February 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.024.126
This paper presents a line-of-sight (LOS) stabilization control method for portable optical systems by analyzing fast steering mirror, image sensor, and gyro sensor system. To compensate for LOS errors caused by hand tremors in portable optical systems, we present the configuration of an image sensor-based LOS stabilization control system and a control strategy considering the phase delay effect caused by low sampling frequency of the image sensor. The phase delay effect of the image sensor caused restricted bandwidth, which limited the stabilization performance. To overcome such limitations, we present disturbance feedforward control using the gyro sensor and controller design method considering characteristics of the gyro sensor. Through overall system modeling, we constructed a control simulation model. The LOS stabilization performance against hand tremor disturbances was analyzed based on the proposed controller design. Simulation results demonstrated that integrating a gyro sensor-based disturbance feedforward control with the image sensor-based LOS stabilization control significantly enhanced the stabilization performance.
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Prediction of Image Quality according to Environmental Changes in a Reflective Aerospace Optical System
Kisoo Kim, Ji-Hun Bae, Jongbok Park
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2024;41(7):581-587.
Published online July 1, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.024.051
The use of reflective optical systems is essential to acquiring high-resolution image quality in aerospace applications that observe distant objects. The geometric shapes of large-aperture reflective optical systems can be deformed depending on various operating and space environments, which deformation consequently affects optical performance. In this study, we predict the image quality of a reflective aerospace optical system according to various environmental changes. In particular, the shape deformation due to vibration and heat generated from the launch vehicle was mainly observed, and the effect on gravity was also considered. The variations of image quality, such as Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and wave-front error (WFE), were also observed by importing the deformed shapes into the optical simulation tool. This study is intended to provide approaches to reduce the cost and lead time to develop aerospace optical systems.
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Reflective Optical Systems for Aerospace Applications
Kisoo Kim, Ji-Hun Bae, Jongbok Park
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2023;40(11):899-906.
Published online November 1, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.023.080
The utilization of aerospace technology is growing to meet various requirements of climate change sensing, communications, and the military. Large aperture and precise reflective optical systems such as mirrors are needed to acquire high-quality data, and the requirements of lightness, low cost, and low deformation should also be met to operate in the space environment. In this review, we highlight the recent progress of reflective optical systems for aerospace applications. In particular, optical systems for artificial satellites and homing optics are mainly introduced, and optical and mechanical simulations are discussed according to operating environments. We also discuss various reflective optic designs, materials, and operating principles for aerospace applications, such as a homing head and optical payload. We hope that this review provides approaches for developing surveillance systems, exploring space, and addressing the climate crisis.

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  • Prediction of Image Quality according to Environmental Changes in a Reflective Aerospace Optical System
    Kisoo Kim, Ji-Hun Bae, Jongbok Park
    Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering.2024; 41(7): 581.     CrossRef
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