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"Trocar holding"

Article
Verification of Remote Center Motion Performance of a Surgical Assistant Robot without Holding Trocars
TaeHoon Kim, Minhyo Kim, Youqiang Zhang, Hyunseok Choi, Hyeon Kim, JunSeok Park, Sangrok Jin
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(8):629-636.
Published online August 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.054
In laparoscopic surgeries, robotic systems commonly use trocar fixation to achieve remote center motion (RCM). However, this fixation occupies the surgeon's operational space and limits surgical flexibility. It is essential to ensure adequate workspace while maintaining RCM to enhance procedural efficiency and safety. This paper introduces a novel approach to preserve RCM without relying on trocar fixation. The proposed method integrates a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm with a dual end-effector system, employing tool coordinate storage and remote center point definition to achieve precise four- degree-of-freedom RCM motion control. To validate this method, an experimental setup with an optical tracking system was utilized to measure and calibrate the remote center position. The results indicate that the robot maintained RCM with mean positional errors of 0.672, 0.318, and 0.704 mm along the x, y, and z axes, respectively, yielding a three-dimensional mean error of 1.136 mm. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in maintaining RCM while maximizing surgical workspace and operational flexibility.
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