Recently, the study for filling imbalance in thermoplastic polymer has gradually been increased. However, it is hard to find the researches for filling imbalance of thermoplastic elastomer(TPE). The experiment of filling imbalance was conducted for the three kinds of thermoplastic vulcanizes(TPVs) and PP polymer in the mold with geometrically balanced runner system(Unary Branch Type Runner System). In this experiment, the effects of the￢melt temperature, injection pressure and injection speed on the filling imbalance were investigated. There was also the imbalance in TPV injection molding process as well as in conventional injection molding with plastics. The tendency of filling imbalance in TPV injection molding specially decreased by taking place the hesitation of TPV melt.

Electron detectors used in scanning electron microscope accept electrons emitted from the specimen and convert them to an electrical signal that, after amplification, is used to modulate the gray-level intensities on a cathode ray tube, producing an image of the specimen. Electron detector is one of the key components dominating the performance of scanning electron microscope so that the development of electron detectors having high performance is indispensable to acquire high quality images using scanning electron microscope. In this paper, we designed and manufactured an electron detector and conducted a couple of image capture experiments using it. In particular, scintillator which generates light photons when it is struck by high-energy electrons was manufactured and experimental studies on the optimization of manufacturing condition was carried out. From experiments to evaluate the performance of our detector, it was verified that the performance of our detector is equivalent to or better than that of the conventional one.

Of the seven base units of the international system of units, only the kilogram is still defined in terms of a material artifact. One of the experimental approaches opening the way to a new definition of the kilogram is the watt balance. To improve the performance of the NPL watt balance, we need to quantify and reduce hysteresis effects in the balance knives. In this paper, we discuss the mechanical characteristics of the knife edges used in the NPL watt balance. The hysteresis mechanism is analyzed using the finite element method. It is found that the cause of hysteresis is not normal stress but shear, and the deformation of the flat, rather than the knife, is an important factor in the hysteresis mechanism. The study presented here, using finite element analysis, suggests that parameters such as material property, tip radius and knife straightness can be more important than others, such as friction coefficient, tip angle, etc.

The self-organizing feature map(SOFM) among a number of neural network uses a randomized small valued initial weight vectors, selects the neuron whose weight vector best matches input as the winning neuron, and trains the weight vectors such that neurons within the activity bubble are moved toward the input vector. On the other hand, the modified method in this research uses a predetermined initial weight vectors of the 1-dimensional string, gives the systematic input vector whose position best matches obstacles, and trains the weight vectors such that neurons within the activity bubble are move toward the opposite direction of input vector. According to simulation results one can conclude that the method using string and the modified neural network is useful tool to mobile robot for the global path planning.

PDF is widely accepted as a standard document format and now it supports 3D contents as well. Within the engineering application areas, this new 3D feature may be used to support sharing of 3D documents and thus collaboration between engineering departments, suppliers and partners. In this paper, we describe a system that automatically generates formatted engineering documents including 3D data converted from 3D applications such as commercial 3D CAD viewer. The system consists of two major modules. One is U3D conversion module and the other is PDF conversion module. U3D conversion module extracts geometry, view data, assembly and disassembly information from 3D viewer and converts to U3D format, currently in IDTF text file format. PDF conversion module generates a PDF file and inserts U3D data, various annotation information, and scripts for custom generated operations such as assembly and disassembly in the PDF document.

This paper is to investigate the behavior of linear static structure stress, the fatigue and experimental shock fracture for engine base in the Auxiliary Power Unit to resolve its restricted electrical power problem. The shock fracture test was experimentally made under MIL standard criteria. The numerical results by finite element method had a good agreement with those from the shock test. The design data of predicting the fracture at the initial crack and the damage behavior of structure with shock and vibration load in the battle field can be obtained from shock test. In the functional shock test, the crack at the side parts of the engine base was found at peak acceleration of 40g.

The clutch is a subcomponent of the transmission that is designed to engage and disengage power flow between the engine and the transmission. Recently, the engine power of automobile has been continuously increased because of customer's demand for the bigger one. As the engine power is increased, the vibration transmitted to the hydraulic clutch operating system has been increased. Therefore the demand for the reduction of clutch pedal vibration during the operation of the clutch system has been increased.
This paper describes the pressure pulsation reduction characteristics of the damper cylinder which is applied to the hydraulic clutch operating system. And the purpose of this study is to confirm the availability of a simulation model and investigating the test results of hydraulic clutch operating system. The test results are compared with the simulation results. Therefore it may be concluded that the simulation model and test results will be very useful for the design of hydraulic clutch damper cylinder.

Bellows is an important component in Joule-Thomson cryocooler, which minimize the excessive flow of the cryogenic gas. The bellows is made of Monel 400 and its geometry is an axial symmetric shell. During cool-down process, the pressure and volume within bellows must be satisfied with Benedict-Webb-Rubin state equation. Moreover, Poisson's ratio of Monel 400 is nearly constants, but its Young's modulus varies for a drop in temperature. Under these conditions, bellows contracts in the axial direction like a spring. To evaluate deformation of bellows at cryogenic temperature, the numerical calculation of the volume within bellows and finite element analysis are iteratively used in this research. the numerical results show that deformation of the bellows is approximately linear for change of temperature.

A transmission designed with P.T.O(Power Take-Oft) axle for agricultural work vehicles including multi-purpose vehicles has been developed. It is focused on the 4-wheel drive transmission of synchronous contact type for practical use in fruit tree households which is required for a large-sized agricultural vehicle. Concerning to the specification performed, the load capacity is from 500㎏ to 1,000㎏ and the safety should be secured for passengers. In addition, the driving condition should also be secured under bad situations of the topographic slope, swampy land and the rest. In order to carry out above tests, a prototype vehicle through strength analysis of transmission design has been manufactured. Consequently, optimal design conditions on the power transmission with multi-purpose vehicle for various jobs are proposed such as an indication of optimal RPM and torque at a certain work situation. The performance test through the prototype of multi-purpose work vehicle is performed and the related data base is achieved. Finally, it is improved on troubles by the analysis of the results of R&D and provided the solutions on problems occurring to mass production in the future.