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Fabrication of Yttria and Zirconia Co-sputtering Cathode Functional Layer for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Taehyeon Lee, Seungbong Oh, Davin Jeong, Soonwook Hong
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(12):997-1002.
Published online December 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.00013
A yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) cathode functional layer (CFL) was fabricated using a co-sputtering process to improve the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). To optimize the yttria molar percentage and achieve a nano-granular structure with enhanced grain boundary density, the DC sputtering power for the metallic yttrium target was varied at 10, 30, and 50 W. Structural and compositional analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that a DC power of 30 W resulted in a well-developed grain structure with high grain boundary density and an yttria composition close to the optimal molar percentage of 8-10 mol %. Under these optimized conditions, the SOFC with the co-sputtered YSZ CFL achieved a maximum power output of 9.22 mW/cm² at 450oC, representing approximately a 43% enhancement compared to the reference cell. This highlights the significant potential of co-sputtering for future low-temperature SOFC applications.
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Suppression of Interfacial Side Reactions and Performance Enhancement of NCA Cathodes via LNO Deposition Using Particle ALD
Min-ji Kim, In-suk Song, Hyo-jun Ahn, Sun-min Kim, Young-Beom Kim
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(10):851-859.
Published online October 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.025

Improving the interfacial stability between cathode active material (CAM) and solid electrolyte (SE) is essential for enhancing the performance and durability of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). One promising method to achieve this is through surface coating with a chemically stable ion conductor, which helps suppress interfacial side reactions and improve long-term cycling stability. In this study, we deposited a uniform LiNbO3 (LNO) protective layer on NCA using particle atomic layer deposition (Particle ALD). This technique utilizes a self-limiting growth mechanism to ensure precise thickness control. We characterized the structural and chemical properties of the coated CAM with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), confirming the successful formation of a uniform LNO layer. Electrochemical evaluations revealed that LNO@NCA exhibited significantly improved capacity retention, maintaining 68.1% after 50 cycles at a 1C rate, compared to just 56.5% for the uncoated sample. This enhancement is attributed to the LNO layer's effectiveness in mitigating electrochemical side reactions. These findings demonstrate that Particle ALD-derived LNO coatings are an effective strategy for stabilizing CAM|SE interfaces and extending the cycle life of high-energy ASSBs.

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Large-area Inspection Method for Machined Micro Hole Dimension Measurement Using Deep Learning in Silicon Cathodes
Jonghyeok Chae, Dongkyu Lee, Seunghun Oh, Yoojeong No
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(2):139-145.
Published online February 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.024.117
In this study, we propose a deep learning-based method for large-area inspection aimed at the high-speed detection of micro hole diameters. Micro holes are detected and stored in large images using YOLOv8, an object detection model. A super-resolution technique utilizing ESRGAN, an adversarial neural network, is applied to images of small micro holes, enhancing them to high resolution before measuring their diameters through image processing. When comparing the diameters measured after 8x super-resolution with the results from existing inspection equipment, the average error rate is remarkably low at 0.504%. The time taken to measure an image of one micro hole is 0.470 seconds, which is ten times faster than previous inspection methods. These results can significantly contribute to high-speed measurement and quality improvement through deep learning.

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  • A Review of Intelligent Machining Process in CNC Machine Tool Systems
    Joo Sung Yoon, Il-ha Park, Dong Yoon Lee
    International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing.2025; 26(9): 2243.     CrossRef
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Fabrication of Platinum-Samarium Doped Ceria Composite Cathode Using Sputtering Technique
Yongchan Park, Davin Jeong, Hyeontaek Kim, Hyeongmin Kim, Soonwook Hong
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2023;40(11):915-919.
Published online November 1, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.023.049
In this study, we successfully demonstrated a fuel cell fabrication method using a platinum-samarium-doped ceria (Pt-SDC) composite cathode, which could reduce the platinum content while maintaining the same thickness as the functional layer. The Pt-SDC composite cathode was deposited by a sputtering process in which two materials were simultaneously deposited by a co-sputtering system. Despite the decreased platinum content in the composite cathode, we achieved high performance of the fuel cell since Pt-SCD was able to form triple-phase boundaries (TPBs) not only at the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte but at the entire volumetric surface of the cathode. This composite cathode revealed that Pt-SDC could enhance the oxygen reduction reaction rate by enlarging the TPB site in the cathode. The fuel cell fabricated in this study with a composite cathode demonstrated improved performance at 1.66 times the peak power density of a pristine fuel cell.
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Effects of NaCl Solution Humidification on Electrochemical Characteristics of PEMFCs
Ho Jun Yoo, Hye Gang Noh, Gye Eun Jang, Young Jo Lee, Dong Kun Song, Gu Young Cho
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2022;39(6):451-456.
Published online June 1, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.022.030
In this study, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) were humidified with NaCl solutions. NaCl solutions were provided to the cathode side of fuel cells by bubbling. De-Ionized water, 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, and 20 wt% NaCl solution were used to evaluate the effects of NaCl. Current density-voltage curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopies (EIS) of fuel cells were measured. Additionally, the constant-voltage mode long-term stability of PEMFCs humidified with NaCl solution were investigated. Constant-voltage measurements and EIS results imply that the degradation of fuel cells is clearly related with the concentration of NaCl solutions.

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  • Effects of NaCl Solution on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell with Serpentine Flow Channel of Different Depths
    Dong Kun Song, Ho Jun Yoo, Jung Soo Kim, Ki Won Hong, Do Young Jung, George Ilhwan Park, Gu Young Cho
    Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering.2025; 42(5): 399.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Electrochemical Behavior of PEMFC Humidified with NaCl Solution Mist Using an Ultrasonic Vibrator
    Ho Jun Yoo, Gye Eun Jang, Young Jo Lee, Dong Kun Song, Heeyun Lee, Gu Young Cho
    Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering.2022; 39(12): 939.     CrossRef
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Experimental Analysis of Performance Variation on Thin Film Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with Different Cathode Area Sizes
Jong Dae Baek, Ikwhang Chang
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2019;36(12):1183-1187.
Published online December 1, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/KSPE.2019.36.12.1183
To study the geometrical scale dependency of thin film solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), we fabricated three thin films SOFCs with the same cross-sectional structure but with different electrode areas of 1, 4 and 9 ㎟. Since the activation and ohmic losses of SOFCs depend on their active region, we examined the variations of the power density of the cells with a Pt (anode)/sputtered YSZ/Pt (cathode) structure. We found that a cathode electrode with a low aspect ratio may suffer from high ohmic and activation losses because of the geometrical scale dependency.
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Triple-Conducting Oxide as a Cathode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells : Review
Taehyun Park
J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2018;35(12):1141-1146.
Published online December 1, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/KSPE.2018.35.12.1141
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are at a technological level close to commercialization, which could be enabled by new material research. Especially, not only an electrolyte, but also a cathode material becomes very important to further increase electrochemical performance, due to the effort to lower operating temperature of SOFCs to intermediate range (400-600℃) to take advantage of high and low temperature operation. Unfortunately, this trend inevitably results in demand for new cathode materials with high oxygen reduction reaction activity, as well as high mechanical durability. Recently, ceramic materials which conduct oxygen ion, proton, and electron, thereby called ‘triple conducting oxide’ are being highlighted, due to their excellent material properties, to be used for cathodes of SOFCs. This paper reviews the three representative triple-conducting oxides, which were already used and tested in SOFC operating conditions.

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  • Recent advances in layered Ln2NiO4+δnickelates: fundamentals and prospects of their applications in protonic ceramic fuel and electrolysis cells
    Artem P. Tarutin, Julia G. Lyagaeva, Dmitry A. Medvedev, Lei Bi, Aleksey A. Yaremchenko
    Journal of Materials Chemistry A.2021; 9(1): 154.     CrossRef
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