In this study, the mechanical and frictional properties of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were investigated. PDMS has received much attention because of its numerous advantages such as good formability, high transparency, light weight and low cost. However, PDMS has relatively poor mechanical properties compared to other materials, and it is vulnerable to surface damage or wear due to contact. As a result, there is a need to investigate the mechanical properties and enhance its tribological characteristics. In this study, PDMS specimens with different stiffnesses were prepared. The mechanical properties of PDMS were measured using a rigid spherical indenter. Sliding tests were performed to evaluate the frictional properties of the PDMS specimens under both dry and lubricated conditions. The effect of stiffness on the frictional properties of PDMS was assessed, In addition, sliding tests under various lubricated conditions were performed and the effect of the viscosity of the lubricant was also investigated. It was found that the mechanical and frictional properties of PDMS depended upon the stiffness of PDMS and the lubrication condition.
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Friction of mechanical components affects the life and reliability of various machines. In order to improve the wear resistance of mechanical components, grease has been used as a lubricant. However, depending on the operating condition of the machine, the grease may be contaminated with water, which lowers the its lubricating ability. In this work, the effect of the water content on the lubricating ability of grease was investigated. Friction tests using grease were performed between a stainless steel ball and an acrylic plate. Water content in the grease was varied (0, 5, 10 wt.%). It was found that the contact angle varied due to the addition of water in the grease. The friction and wear of the specimens were assessed with respect to amount of water content. Wear of the specimens was relatively severe when water was added. A water content of 10 wt.% resulted in significant lubricant degradation.
Surface roughness of mechanical components is an important factor which affects the tribological phenomena. Various surface patterns have been applied to surfaces to improve the tribological characteristics of mechanical components. In this work, the friction reduction effect of micropatterns on silicon was investigated. For this purpose, micro-dimple patterns were fabricated on silicon wafer by DRIE process. In the friction experiments silicone oil was used as lubricant. Also, the lubricant was cleaned to simulate a lubricant depleted condition. In depleted lubricated condition, friction coefficient of micro-pattern specimens was lower than specimens without micro-patterns. It was found that friction reduction effect of micro-pattern could be successfully maintained even after cleaning the lubricant on the surface.
Recently, with the development of bio-technology the interests in the micro-fluidic devices for analysis in the fields of biology and medical science have been steadily increasing. Although polymer is considered as one of the best materials for micro-fluidic devices, glass or silicon molds fabricated by photo-lithographic technique have been commonly used. However, it is generally perceived that the conventional photo-lithographic technique has the limitation for fabricating micro-channels for micro-fluidic devices. In this work, the possibility of fabrication of micro-fluidic channels on PDMS by using the mechano-chemical process and the effect of surface states on the fluid flow were investigated. Experimental results revealed that PDMS mold fabricated by the mechano-chemical process could be used effectively to replicate micro-fluidic channels with high reproducibility and dimensional accuracy. It was also found that the fluid flow generation and flow speed were largely affected by the hydrophilicity and the surface roughness of the micro-channel surfaces.
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