Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering

Development of a Hybrid Composite Structure and Bioreactor for Enhanced Bone Regeneration in Dental Implants: Eun Chae Kim, Jun-Kyu Kang, Hun-Jin Jeong, So-Jung Gwak, Seung-Jae Lee; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2025;42(9):695-702.
Published online September 1, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7736/JKSPE.025.086

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Dental implant surgery usually takes over 6 to 9 months, with 3 to 6 months specifically allocated for osseointegration between the implant and the surrounding bone. To expedite this process, we developed an innovative hybrid composite structure and a bioreactor. This hybrid structure features an assembly-type implant combined with a 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold. The implant was redesigned in a modular format to enable the insertion of a scaffold between components, facilitating bone-to-bone contact instead of metal-to-bone contact, which enhances osseointegration. The PCL scaffold was coated with polydopamine (PDA) to improve cell adhesion. Additionally, a bioink that mimics bone composition, consisting of type I collagen and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA), was incorporated into the scaffold. To support cell maturation within the scaffold, we developed a hydrostatic pressure bioreactor system that applies uniform compressive stress to complex 3D structures. We assessed cell viability in the scaffold using the CCK-8 assay, and SEM imaging confirmed the effectiveness of the PDA coating. Furthermore, we evaluated osteogenic differentiation through ALP activity and calcium quantification assays under both static and dynamic stimulation conditions.

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The Effect of Intermittent Compressive Loading to Growth of Pre-osteoblast Cells: Sung Kyu Choi, Jeong Hun Park, Seung-Jae Lee, In Hwan Lee, Sang Sun Kang; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2010;27(2):153-159.
Published online February 1, 2010

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Recently, it has been reported that mechanical stimulation takes a role in improving cell growth. Also, became generally known that skeletal system as bone or cartilage tissues take influence of compression loading. In this study, we fabricated a custom-made bioreactor and analyzed that conditions of compressive loading would influence cell growth. To compare the effect of intermittent compressive loading on cell-encapsulated agarose scaffold, we cultured preosteoblast cell (MC3T3-E1 cells) statically and dynamically. And dynamic culture conditions were produced by changing parameters such as the iteration time and interval delay time. Also, cellencapsulated agarose scaffold were subjected to 10 % dynamic compressive strain at 1㎐ frequency for 7 days. After cell culture, cell proliferation was assessed with PI stain assay for fluorescence images and flow cytometry (FACS).

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Development of Bioreactor by Rapid Prototyping Technology: Jeong Hun Park, Seung-Jae Lee, In Hwan Lee, Dong-Woo Cho, Jong-Won Rhie; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2009;26(3):137-143.
Published online March 1, 2009

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It has been reported that mechanical stimulation takes a role in improving cell growth in skeletal system. Various research groups have been showed their own bioreactors which stimulate ceel-seed three-dimensional scaffold. In this study, we hypothesized that the various conditions of mechanical stimulation would affect cell growth and proliferation. To prove our hypothesis, we designed a custom-made bioreactor capable of applying controlled compression to cell-encapsulated scaffolds. This device consisted of a circulation system and a compression system. Each parts of the bioreactor was fabricated using the rapid prototyping technology. By using the rapid prototyping technology, we can modify and improve the bioreactor very rapidly. For dynamic cell culture, cell-encapsulated agarose gel was fabricated in 2% concentration. We performed dynamic cell culture using this agarose gel and developed bioreactor in 3 days.

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Solid Freeform Fabrication Technique in Tissue Engineering: Seung-Jae Lee, Dong-Woo Cho; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2006;23(12):7-15.
Published online December 1, 2006

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Design for Micro-stereolithography using Axiomatic Approach: Seung-Jae Lee, In Hwan Lee, Dong-Woo Cho; J. Korean Soc. Precis. Eng. 2004;21(8):106-111.
Published online August 1, 2004

Abstract
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Micro-stereolithography technology has made it possible to fabricate any form of three-dimensional microstructures.
It makes a 3D structure by dividing the shape into many slices of relevant thickness along horizontal surface, hardening each layer of slice with a laser, and stacking them up to a desired shape. Until now, however, the micro-stereolithography device was not designed systematically because the key factors governing the device were not considered. In this paper, we designed micro-stereolithography device using axiomatic approach. This paper contains an overview and an analysis of a new proposed system for development of micro-stereolithography device, and detailed descriptions of the activities in this system. The newly designed system offers reduced machine size by minimizing of optical components and decoupled design matrix.